Method of cooling liquids



Aug. 29, 1933. H. w; TAYLOR ET AL 1,924,525

METHOD OF V COOLING LIQUIDS original' Filedqune 3o, 1927 Hnssr wrana/e.MM5 r-imrh' vses f 55 coil of double pipe of any desired length, thecoil.

Patented Aug. 29, 1933 "UNITED `STATES PAT-:Nr

OFFICE 1,924,525 METHOD or COOLING LrQUms Halsey'W. Taylor, Warren, andJames T. Smith,`

Cleveland, Ohio; said Smith assignor to The -Halsey W. TaylorCompanyWarren, Ohio, a

corporation of Ohio Original application June 30, 1927, Serial No.

Divided and this application October 1,1928. serial No. 309,592

1 claim. `(ci. 62-116) On Oct. 30th, 1928 as Patent N0. 1,689,461 `0fvwhich this application is a division.

Thus, in the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1

is a sectional View of a drinking fountain and cooling apparatus withwhich the present method may be practiced, and Fig. 2 is a sectionalview of a cooling pipe or tube used in thatparobjects of the presentmethod is to cool thewater lin graduated degree to the desired lowtemperature by causing it to flow in a relatively long attenuated streamin heat exchangerelation with a relatively long attenuated stream ofrefrigerant, preferably by counterow. A further object is to effectwater cooling in the way herein described whereby heavy irregulardemands may be properly taken care of inexpensively by a small andcompact refrigerating apparatus adapted to operate automatically.Another object is to produce water cooling as herevinafter set forthwithout endangering the apparatus itself or the persons drinking waterdispensed by the apparatus should freezing of the water occur due toaccidental malfunction of the automatic refrigerating apparatus.

As shown, the cooling appliance A is installed in a drinking fountainand water dispensing' cabinet B, which cabinet may be of any desiredconstruction Or design. Suitable refrigerating apcabinet, the showingbeing in part diagrammatic. It should be understood, however, that therefrigerating appliance or operating unit C may be located outside ofthe cabinet, more or less remotely therefrom, as is the practice in somemay be either air or water-cooled. In brief, appliance C may be of anyknown type or kind adapted to supply the water cooling appliance or coilA with a liquid or gaseousrefrigerant, and preferably I use mechanismwhereby refrigerating operations are controlledautomati cally, either bythe pressure or temperature produced in the system.l l

The water cooling appliance A consists of a pliances Q, are alsocontained in the base of this installations, and that the compressorthereof -as a whole being of 4a diameter adapted to be confined Within-acompartment 2 in cabinet B beneath a top 3 carrying an Overflow bowl 4for a fountain head or nozzle 5. A valve 6 may be used to control theflow of water to nozzle 5, or this valve may be omitted when acontinuous flow is desired. v In the present instance, a faucet 7 isalso connected to a discharge fitting 8 having pipe connection with thewater discharge head,.9 of cooling coil A, and which coil is composed oftwo sleeved pipes 10 and 11, respective-v ly. The inner pipe 10 is ofsomewhat smaller diameter externally than the internal diameter of outerpipe 11 to provide a relatively narrow passage 12 through which a thinfilm or body of Water or other liquid to be cooled may flow in constantcontact with inner pipe 10. The refrigerant is caused to flow throughthe 4inner pipe in a direction counter to the iiow of water throughpassage 12, and inthe present instance the refrigerant intake end of.pipe 10 passes through head`9 and connects with an expansion valve 14. Asmall pipe 1-5 conducts a, liquid refrigerant from a condensing unit 16to expansion valve 14, and the evaporating refrigerant passes from theexpansion valve to inner pipe 10 and thence to the lower or outlet end17 of this pipe Where connected to the compressor 18 for return to thecondensing unit 16. The water to be cooled is'conducted by a pipe 19 toa hollow head 20 on the outlet end of vinner pipe 10 and thence throughthe entrance to outer pipe 11 where connected to said head, the waterflowing upwardly in a thin body through an annular space or passage 12between the inner and outer pipes 10 and 11, respectively.

The life and operativeness of such a double coil is largely dependentupon the size of the water circulating spaceor passage 12. By makingthi's space very narrow the water may be caused to flow in a thin filmor layer over pipe 10 containing the/refrigerant, so that the heat maybe readily and quickly removed. The velocity of flow of the water isalso increased, which is useful in `breaking up high resistance at thesurface of inner pipe 11 where the actual heat transfer takes place.Moreover, a narrow water passage or series of small passages will notperice body formed in the passage will not expand 'outer pipe 12 beyondthe pipe itself. In

its own elastic limit, that is, beyond the elastic limit of the metalwall of this way rupture of the outer pipe is prevented in case the thinsheet of water should freeze solidly due to accidental malfunction ofthe automatic refrigerating appliances C.

Outer pipe 11 is preferably ilud or corrugated to provide a seriesofspacing and contacting ribs 21, whereby the two pipes are spaceduniformly in respect to each other. or corrugations extendlongitudinally of pipe 11 but may be spirally formed therein. and in'addition to serving as spacing elements they also serve other usefulpurposes, that is, they provide yielding or flexible places in thecircular wall to permit the pipe to expand without rupture should iceform Theseutes` and expand within passage lil,

and they also extend the heat exchange area of the inner pipe 'atnumerous radial places culate with advantageous cooling results.

What we claim is:

A method of vcooling a liquid under draft, consisting in forming atubular stream of liquid and subdividing said tubular stream .intoseparate individual streams andco-incidently passing a refrigeratingfluid centrally through said tubular stream and in establishing heatexchange relations with each stream intermediate the respective streamsof liquid.

HALSEY W. TAYLOR. JAMES T. SMITH.

